Research Library

Research Library

 

Brioschi, F. A., Di Cesare, F., Gioeni, D., Rabbogliatti, V., Ferrari, F., D’Urso, E. S., Amari, M., & Ravasio, G. (2020). Oral transmucosal cannabidiol oil formulation as part of a multimodal analgesic regimen: Effects on pain relief and quality of life improvement in dogs affected by spontaneous osteoarthritis. Animals, 10 (9), 1505. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10091505

Casas-Alvarado, A., Martínez-Burnes, J., Hernández-Ávalos, I., Mora-Medina, P., Miranda-Cortés, A., Domínguez-Oliva, A., & Mota-Rojas, D. (2024). Assessment of the nociceptive response to the use of cannabidiol alone and in combination with meloxicam through infrared pupillometry in female dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Frontiers in Veterinary Science , 11 , 1380022. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1380022

Gamble, L.-J., Boesch, J. M., Frye, C. W., Schwark, W. S., Mann, S., Wolfe, L., Brown, H., Berthelsen, E. S., & Wakshlag, J. J. (2018). Pharmacokinetics, safety, and clinical efficacy of cannabidiol treatment in osteoarthritic dogs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00165

Klatzkow, S., Davis, G., Shmalberg, J., Gallastegui, A., Miscioscia, E., Tarricone, J., Elam, L., Johnson, M. D., Leonard, K. M., & Wakshlag, J. J. (2023). Evaluation of the efficacy of a cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid-rich hemp extract for pain in dogs following a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9 , 1036056. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1036056

Kogan, L., Hellyer, P., & Downing, R. (2020). The use of cannabidiol-rich hemp oil extract to treat canine osteoarthritis-related pain: A pilot study. Journal of the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association, 58 (Spring Issue), 1–10.

Malfait, A. M., Gallily, R., Sumariwalla, P. F., Malik, A. S., Andreakos, E., Mechoulam, R., & Feldmann, M. (2000). The nonpsychoactive cannabis constituent cannabidiol is an oral anti-arthritic therapeutic in murine collagen-induced arthritis . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97 (17), 9561–9566. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.160105897

Mejia, S., Duerr, F. M., Griffenhagen, G., & McGrath, S. (2021). Evaluation of the effect of cannabidiol on naturally occurring osteoarthritis-associated pain: A pilot study in dogs . Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 57 (2), 81–90. https://doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-7119

Miranda-Cortés, A., Mota-Rojas, D., Crosignani-Outeda, N., Casas-Alvarado, A., Martínez-Burnes, J., Olmos-Hernández, A., Mora-Medina, P., Verduzco-Mendoza, A., & Hernández-Ávalos, I. (2023). The role of cannabinoids in pain modulation in companion animals. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9 , 1050884. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1050884

Panda, C., Rathinasabapathy, T., Metzger, B., Dodson, S., Hanson, D., Griffiths, J., & Komarnytsky, S. (2024). Efficacy and tolerability of full-spectrum hemp oil in dogs living with pain in common household settings. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 11 , 1384168. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1384168

Philpott, H. T., O’Brien, M., & McDougall, J. J. (2017). Attenuation of early-phase inflammation by cannabidiol prevents pain and nerve damage in rat osteoarthritis . Pain, 158 (12), 2442–2451. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001052

Talsma, B., Elam, L. H., McGrath, S., Zhou, T., Webb, C. B., & Duerr, F. M. (2024). Evaluation of the effect of cannabidiol administration with and without nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in dogs with mobility disorders: A prospective, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 11 , 1449343. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1449343

Verrico, C. D., Wesson, S., Konduri, V., Hofferek, C. J., Vazquez-Perez, J., Blair, E., Dunner, K., Salimpour, P., Decker, W. K., & Halpert, M. M. (2020). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of daily cannabidiol for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis pain . Pain, 161 (9), 2191–2202. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001896

Wallace, J. E., Kogan, L. R., Carr, E. C., & Hellyer, P. W. (2020). Motivations and expectations for using cannabis products to treat pain in humans and dogs: A mixed methods study . Journal of Cannabis Research, 2 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-020-00045-x

Wysmolek, M., Pankowski, F., & Latek, U. (2023). Cannabinoid oil with gabapentin for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain: Case report . Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 79 , 6755–2023.

Corsetti, S., Borruso, S., Malandrucco, L., Spallucci, V., Maragliano, L., Perino, R., D’Agostino, P., & Natoli, E. (2021). Cannabis sativa L. may reduce aggressive behaviour towards humans in shelter dogs . Scientific Reports, 11 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-XXXXX

Hunt, A. B. G., Flint, H. E., Logan, D. W., & King, T. (2023). A single dose of cannabidiol (CBD) positively influences measures of stress in dogs during separation and car travel. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10 , 1112604. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1112604

Marliani, G., Vaccari, L., Cavallini, D., Montesano, C. S., Buonaiuto, G., & Accorsi, P. A. (2024). Assessing the effectiveness of cannabidiol additive supplementation on canine behavior and cortisol levels . Heliyon, 10 (10), e31345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31345

Masataka, N. (2024). Possible effects of cannabidiol (CBD) administration on the vocal activity of healthy domestic dogs upon their temporary separation from caregivers . Heliyon, 10 (3), e25548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25548

Morris, E. M., Kitts-Morgan, S. E., Spangler, D. M., Gebert, J., Vanzant, E. S., McLeod, K. R., & Harmon, D. L. (2021). Feeding cannabidiol (CBD)-containing treats did not affect canine daily voluntary activity . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 8 , 708879. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.708879

Morris, E. M., Kitts-Morgan, S. E., Spangler, D. M., McLeod, K. R., Costa, J. H. C., & Harmon, D. L. (2020). The impact of feeding cannabidiol (CBD)-containing treat on canine response to a noise-induced fear response test . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7 , 569565. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.569565

Sacchettino, L., Gatta, C., Maruccio, L., Boncompagni, C., Napolitano, F., Avallone, L., & D’Angelo, D. (2023). Combining cannabis and melatonin treatment with a rehabilitation program improved symptoms in a dog with compulsive disorder: A case report . Research in Veterinary Science, 160 , 26–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.06.005

Yu, C. H. J., & Rupasinghe, H. P. V. (2021). Cannabidiol-based natural health products for companion animals: Recent advances in the management of anxiety, pain, and inflammation . Research in Veterinary Science, 140, 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.09.002

Buranakarn. (2021). Sarcoma cancer treatment using extracted cannabis oil in cat. International Journal of Science and Innovative Technology, 3 (1), 2021.

Calheiros, L. G. R. M., Pedro, G., Oliveira da Silva, T., Amorim, R. M., Alves, C. E. F., & Laufer-Amorim, R. (2024). In vitro antitumor effect of oils rich in CBD and THC cannabis extract in canine prostate carcinoma cell lines. Veterinary Sciences, 11 (10), 501. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11100501

Corsato Alvarenga, I., et al. (2025). Safety, efficacy and doxorubicin pharmacokinetics during cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid rich hemp oil use in dogs with lymphoma undergoing CHOP chemotherapy . Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 39 (4). https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17183

Gross, C., Ramirez, D. A., McGrath, S., & Gustafson, D. L. (2021). Cannabidiol induces apoptosis and perturbs mitochondrial function in human and canine glioma cells . Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12 , 725136. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.725136

Hazzah, T. (2024). The use of medical cannabis as palliative care in a feline with advanced cancer. Journal of the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association, 74 , 26–34.

Hay, J. K., Hocker, S. E., Monteith, G., & Woods, J. P. (2022). Circulating endocannabinoids in canine multicentric lymphoma patients . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9 , 828095. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.828095

Henry, J. G., Shoemaker, G., Prieto, J. M., Hannon, M. B., & Wakshlag, J. J. (2021). The effect of cannabidiol on canine neoplastic cell proliferation and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation during autophagy and apoptosis . Veterinary and Comparative Oncology, 19 (4), 821–832. https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.12733

Inkol, J. M., Hocker, S. E., & Mutsaers, A. J. (2021). Combination therapy with cannabidiol and chemotherapeutics in canine urothelial carcinoma cells . PLOS ONE, 16 (8), e0255591. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255591

Omer, S., Pathak, S., Mansour, M., Nadar, R., Bowen, D., Dhanasekaran, M., Pondugula, S. R., & Boothe, D. (2024). Effects of cannabidiol, ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol, and WIN 55-212-22 on the viability of canine and human non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines. Biomolecules, 14 (4), 495. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14040495

Omer, S., Pathak, S., Nadar, R., Bowen, D., Sandey, M., Dhanasekaran, M., Pondugula, S., Mansour, M., & Boothe, D. (2023). Validating the anti-lymphoma pharmacodynamic actions of the endocannabinoids on canine non-Hodgkin lymphoma . Life Sciences, 327 , 121862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121862

Rinaldi, V., Boari, A., Ressel, L., Bongiovanni, L., Crisi, P. E., Cabibbo, E., & Finotello, R. (2022). Expression of cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours . Research in Veterinary Science, 152 , 530–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.10.007

Rinaldi, V., Piscitelli, F., Boari, A., Verde, R., Crisi, P. E., & Bisogno, T. (2024). Circulating endocannabinoids in canine cutaneous mast cell tumor . Animals, 14 (20), 2986. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14202986

Rinaldi, V., Ressel, L., Bongiovanni, L., Crisi, P. E., Boari, A., Killick, D., Chiocchetti, R., & Finotello, R. (2024). Cannabinoid receptor-2 expression in canine multicentric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: An immunohistochemical, digital pathology and clinical analysis . Research in Veterinary Science, 180, 105411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105411

Garcia, G. A., Kube, S., Carrera-Justiz, S., Tittle, D., & Wakshlag, J. J. (2022). Safety and efficacy of cannabidiolic acid-rich hemp extract in the treatment of refractory epileptic seizures in dogs . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9 , 939966. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.939966

Gesell, F. K., Zoerner, A. A., Brauer, C., Engeli, S., Tsikas, D., & Tipold, A. (2013). Alterations of endocannabinoids in cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with epileptic seizure disorder . BMC Veterinary Research, 9 , 262. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-9-262

McGrath, S., Bartner, L. R., Rao, S., Packer, R. A., & Gustafson, D. L. (2019). Randomized blinded controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of oral cannabidiol administration in addition to conventional antiepileptic treatment on seizure frequency in dogs with intractable idiopathic epilepsy . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 254 (11), 1301–1308. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.254.11.1301

Potschka, H., Bhatti, S. F. M., Tipold, A., & McGrath, S. (2022). Cannabidiol in canine epilepsy . Veterinary Journal, 6 , 105913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105913

Rosenberg, E. C., Patra, P. H., & Whalley, B. J. (2017). Therapeutic effects of cannabinoids in animal models of seizures, epilepsy, epileptogenesis, and epilepsy-related neuroprotection . Epilepsy & Behavior, 70 , 319–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.11.006

Vega-García, A., Feria-Romero, I., García-Juárez, A., Munguía-Madera, A. C., Montes-Aparicio, A. V., Zequeida-Muñoz, E., García-Albavera, E., & Orozco-Suárez, S. (2021). Cannabinoids: A new perspective on epileptogenesis and seizure treatment in early life in basic and clinical studies . Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14 , 614869. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2020.614869

Whalley, B. J., Lin, H., Bell, L., Hill, T., Patel, A., Gray, R. A., Roberts, C. E., Devinsky, O., Bazelot, M., Williams, C. M., & Stephens, G. J. (2018). Species-specific susceptibility to cannabis-induced convulsions . British Journal of Pharmacology, 176(10), 1506–1523. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.14436

Coelho, J. C., Duarte, N., Silva, A. B. da, Bronze, M. do R., & Mestrinho, L. A. (2023). Placebo-controlled trial of daily oral cannabidiol as adjunctive treatment for cats with chronic gingivostomatitis . Animals, 13 (17), 2716. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13172716

Coltherd, J. C., Bednall, R., Bakke, A. M., Ellerby, Z., Newman, C., Watson, P., Logan, D. W., & Holcombe, L. J. (2024). Healthy cats tolerate long-term daily feeding of cannabidiol . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10 , 1324622. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1324622

Corsato Alvarenga, I., Panickar, K. S., Hess, H., & McGrath, S. (2023). Scientific validation of cannabidiol for management of dog and cat diseases . Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, 11 , 227–246. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-081122-070236

Deabold, K. A., et al. (2019). Single-dose pharmacokinetics and preliminary safety assessment with use of CBD-rich hemp nutraceutical in healthy dogs and cats . Animals, 9 (10), 832. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9100832

Gutierre, E., Crosignani, N., García-Carnelli, C., di Mateo, A., & Recchi, L. (2023). A case report of CBD and THC as analgesic therapy in a cat with chronic osteoarthritic pain . Veterinary Medicine and Science, 9 (3), 1021–1025. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1057

Hazzah, T. (2024). The use of medical cannabis as palliative care in a feline with advanced cancer. Journal of the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association, 74 , 26–34.

Jukier, T., Cruz-Espindola, C., Martin, D., & Boothe, D. M. (2023). Disposition of a single oral dose of a cannabidiol medication in healthy cats . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10 , 1181517. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1181517

Kulpa, J., et al. (2021). Safety and tolerability of escalating cannabinoid doses in healthy cats . Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 23 (12), 1162–1175. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X211044689

Lyons, C., McEwan, K., Munn-Patterson, M., Vuong, S., Alcorn, J., & Chicoine, A. (2024). Pharmacokinetic of two oral doses of a 1:20 THC:CBD cannabis herbal extract in cats. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 11 , 1352495. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1352495

Polidoro, G., Galiazzo, G., Giancola, F., Papadimitriou, S., Kouki, M., Sabattini, S., Rigillo, A., & Chiocchetti, R. (2021). Expression of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the feline central and peripheral nervous systems . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 8 , 671230. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.671230

Rozental, A. J., Gustafson, D. L., Kusick, B. R., Bartner, L. R., Castro, S. C., & McGrath, S. (2023). Pharmacokinetics of escalating single-dose administration of cannabidiol to cats. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 46 (1), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvp.13100

Stanzani, A., Galiazzo, G., Giancola, F., Tagliavia, C., De Silva, M., Pietra, M., Fracassi, F., & Chiocchetti, R. (2020). Localization of cannabinoid and cannabinoid-related receptors in the cat gastrointestinal tract. Histochemistry and Cell Biology , 153 (5), 339–356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-020-01856-7

Wakshlag, J. J., & Schwark, W. S. (2024). Cats and cannabinoids: Past, present and future. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 26 (10). https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X241286781

Wang, T., Zakharov, A., Gomez, B., Lyubimov, A., Trottier, N. L., Schwark, W. S., & Wakshlag, J. J. (2022). Serum cannabinoid 24 h and 1 week steady state pharmacokinetic assessment in cats using a CBD/CBDA rich hemp paste . Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9 , 895368. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.895368

Yu, C. H. J., & Rupasinghe, H. P. V. (2021). Cannabidiol-based natural health products for companion animals: Recent advances in the management of anxiety, pain, and inflammation . Research in Veterinary Science, 140 , 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.08.001

Zadik-Weiss, L., Ritter, S., Hermush, V., et al. (2020). Feline cognitive dysfunction as a model for Alzheimer’s disease in the research of CBD as a potential treatment: A narrative review. Journal of Cannabis Research, 2(43). https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-020-00047-8 

This information is not a substitute for veterinary care. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.